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工業常用截止閥
點擊次數:2682      更新時間:2017-04-09

                          工業常用截止閥

                         上海申弘閥門有限公司

  2.工業常用截止閥截止閥
  之前介紹截止閥型號含義,現在介紹截止閥是關閉件——閥瓣沿閥座中心線移動的閥門,截止閥在管道上主要作切斷用,使用較普遍,直通式截止閥的結構如圖2-4所示。用通用工業閥門約有3000余種,可通過號規范、計劃控制、采購控制和在用工業閥門管理,統一標準后,可降至800種左右,可大量減少庫存儲備量,節約占用資金。截止閥的啟閉件是塞形的閥瓣,密封面呈平面或錐面,閥瓣沿流體的中心線作直線運動。閥桿的運動形式,有升降桿式(閥桿升降,手輪不升降),也有升降旋轉桿式(手輪與閥桿一起旋轉升降,螺母設在閥體上)。截止閥只適用于全開和全關,不允許作調節和節流。 

(1)截止閥的分類截止閥有多種分類方法。
1)按流通形式分類
流通形式
2)按密封副的結構形式分類
密封副形式
3)按閥桿梯形螺紋的位置分類
閥桿梯形螺紋位置直通式角式直流式三通式上螺紋閥稈下螺紋悶桿
    (2)截止閥IYJ-性能截止閥主要用于切斷或接通管路中的介質,可在短時間內用來調節介質的流量,如果長期用于調節,密封面會被介質沖蝕,密封性能受影響。
  1)截止閥的性能。截止閥的性能見表2 -14:表2-14截止閌的性能
2)截止閥結構形式
①流通形式。截止閥各種流通形式結構和性能比較見表2 -15。

上海申弘閥門有限公司主營閥門有:截止閥,電動截止閥截止閥屬于強制密封式閥門,所以在閥門關閉時,必須向閥瓣施加壓力,以強制密封面不泄漏。當介質由閥瓣下方進入閥六時,操作力所需要克服的阻力,是閥桿和填料的磨擦力與由介質的壓力所產生的推力,關閥門的力比開閥門的力大,所以閥桿的直徑要大,否則會發生閥桿頂彎的故障。近年來,從自密封的閥門出現后,截止閥的介質流向就改由閥瓣上方進入閥腔,這時在介質壓力作用下,關閥門的力小,而開閥門的力大,閥桿的直徑可以相應地減少。同時,在介質作用下,這種形式的閥門也較嚴密。我國閥門“三化給”曾規定,截止閥的流向,一律采用自上而下。 

截止閥開啟時,閥瓣的開啟高度,為公稱直徑的25%~30%時,流量已達到zui大,表示閥門已達全開位置。所以截止閥的全開位置,應由閥瓣的行程來決定。

標準編號標準中文名稱標準英文名稱
DL/T531-1994(2005復審)電站高溫高壓截止閥、閘閥技術條件 
GB/T11689-1989船用法蘭鑄鋼截止閥(四進位)Marine cast steel flanged stop valves
GB/T12235-1989通用閥門法蘭連接鋼制截止閥和升降式止回閥General purpose industrial valves—Flanged steel globe valves and lift check valves
GB/T12233-1989通用閥門鐵制截止閥與升降式止回閥General purpose industrial valves—Casting iron globe valves and lift check valves
GB/T1951-1984船用低壓外螺紋青銅截止閥Marine low pressure bronze male threaded stop valves
GB/T2499-1993船用法蘭鑄鐵雙排截止閥箱Marine cast iron flange dual-row stop valves-case
GB/T590-1993船用法蘭鑄鐵截止閥Marine cast iron flanged stop valves
GB/T594-1983船用外螺紋鍛鋼截止閥Marine forged steel male thread stop valves
GB/T584-1999船用法蘭鑄鋼截止閥Marine cast steel flanged stop valves
GB/T595-1983船用外螺紋青銅截止閥Marine bronze male thread stop valves
GB/T587-1993船用法蘭青銅截止閥Marine bronze flanged stop valves
JB/T7245-1994制冷裝置用截止閥 
JB/T7747-1995針形截止閥 
JB/T9081-1999空氣分離設備用低溫截止閥和節流閥技術條件 
JB/T53165-1999高壓平衡截止閥 產品質量分等 
JB/T53174-1999截止閥產品質量分等 
JB/T53155-1999空氣分離設備用低溫截止閥和節流閥 產品質量分等 
JB/T8859-2004截止閥靜壓壽命試驗規程 
HG/T3215-1986聚三氟氯乙烯塑料襯里截止閥 
NF E29-350-2003工業用閥.鋼制球閥、球狀截止閥和止回閥(Industrial valves - Steel globe and globe stop and check valves.)
NF P43-001-2000建筑物用閥門.建筑物中供應引用水用銅合金截止閥.試驗和要求(Building valves - Copper alloy stopvalves for potable water supply in buildings - Tests and requirements.)
NF D36-380-2001燃氣燃燒器和燃氣用具用自動截止閥的閥門檢驗系統(Valve proving systems for automatic shut-off valves for gas burners and gas appliances.)
NF A84-621-2002氣焊設備.焊接、切割和相關工藝用帶截止閥的速動連接(Gas welding equipment - Quick-action coupling with shut-off valves for welding, cutting and allied processes.)
NF M88-771-1975液化烴容器裝置.手動截止閥.制造.功能.試驗(LIQUEFIED HYDROCARBON INSTALLATIONS IN CONTAINERS. MANUALLY CONTROLLED STOP VALVE. CONSTRUCTION. OPERATION. TESTS.)
NF P43-002-1981建筑物水管閥門.水表截止閥.一般技術規范(VALVES AND TAPS FOR WATER SUPPLY IN BUILDINGS. STOP VALVES FOR METER. GENERAL TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS.)

 

BS EN 13709-2003工業用閥.鋼制球閥、球狀截止閥和止回閥(Industrial valves - Steel globe and globe stop and check valves)
BS 1552-1995一類、二類和三類燃氣用手動截止閥規范(Specification for open bottomed taper plug valves for 1st, 2nd and 3rd family gases up to 200 mbar)
BS 7461-1991帶有流量調節器、閉路開關指示、閉合位置指示器開關或氣流量控制的電動自動氣體截止閥規范(Specification for electrically operated automatic gas shut-off valves fitted with throughput adjusters, proof of closure switches, closed position indicator switches or gas flow control)
BS 1010-2-1973給排水設施用排放旋塞和截止(旋壓式)閥規范.第2部分:排放旋塞和地面上用截止閥(Specification for draw-off taps and stopvalves for water services (screw-down pattern) - Draw-off taps and above-ground stopvalves)
BS 1873-1975石油、石油化學及有關工業用鋼球形閥、球形截止閥與單向閥(有法蘭及對接焊端)規范(Specification for steel globe and globe stop and check valves (flanged and butt-welding ends) for the petroleum, petrochemical and allied industries)
BS 3457-1973水與截止閥座墊圈材料規范(Specification for materials for water tap and stopvalve seat washers)
DIN 4817-1-1981液態氣的截止閥.概念.安全技術要求.檢驗.標志(Shut off valves for liquefied gases; definitions, requirement, testing, marking)
DIN 86251-1998造船用鑄鐵制帶法蘭的DN15至500的截止閥(Shutt off valves for shipboard use, of cast iron, with flanges, DN 15 to 500)
DIN 86260-1998造船用炮銅制帶法蘭DN15至500的截止閥(Shutt off valves for shipboard use, of gun metall, with flanges, DN 15 to 500)
DIN 85003-4-1997造船用管件的交貨技術條件.第4部分:氣動截止閥(Technical specifications for valves for shipboard use - Part 4: Stop valves)
DIN 85003-6-1997造船用管件的交貨技術條件.第6部分:手動截止閥(Technical specifications for valves for shipboard use -Part 6: Hand operated gate valves)
DIN 3399-1986低壓截止閥.安全技術要求和檢驗(Gas low-pressure cut-off valves; safety requirements, testing)
DIN 3160-1974公稱壓力25的冷卻劑循環直通截止閥(Through-valves for refrigerant circuits, nominal pressure 25 bar)
DIN 3161-1974公稱壓力25的冷卻劑循環角形截止閥(Elbow valves for refrigerant circuits; nominal pressure 25 bar)
DIN 4056-1992水管.街道地下截止閥門的路蓋.DVGW技術規范(Water pipelines; valve boxes for stop valves; DVGW code of practice)
DIN EN 1643-2001燃氣燃燒器和燃氣用具用自動截止閥的閥門檢驗系統(Valve proving systems for automatic shut-off valves for gas burners and gas appliances; German version EN 1643:2000)
DIN 86500-1968船用螺紋連接的截止閥和閘閥等概述(Valves and Gate Valves with Screwed Connections; Survey of Types for Shipbuilding)
DIN 86254-2000船只及造船技術.超輕型截止閥DN32-DN125(PN10)(Ships and marine technology - Shut off valves extra light duty DN 32 to DN 125, PN 10)
DIN EN 13709-2003工業用閥.鋼制球閥、球狀截止閥和止回閥(Industrial valves - Steel globe and globe stop and check valves; German version EN 13709:2002)
DIN EN 1213-1999建筑閥門.建筑物中飲用水供應用銅合金截止閥試驗和要求(Building valves - Copper alloy stopvalves for potable water supply in buildings - Tests and requirements; German version EN 1213:1999)
DIN 86266-2002船舶和航海技術.用手夾緊和法蘭連接的超輕型法蘭的截止閥(Ships and marine technology - Butterfly valves for flanges extra light duty wafer type and flanged type - DN 50 to DN 125, PN 10)
GB/T1856-1993船用法蘭鑄鐵單排排出截止閥箱Marine flanged cast iron single arrangement exhaust stop box valve
GB/T1854-1993船用法蘭鑄鐵單排吸入截止閥箱Marine flanged cast iron single arrangement suction stop box valve
JIS B8605-2002致冷裝置的截止閥(Stop valves for refrigerants)
JIS F7379-1996造船.卡套式30K黃銅截止閥(Shipbuilding -- Brass 30K stop valves with bite joint(s))

工業常用截止閥標準

JIS E4103-1988

鐵路車輛用截止閥

(Cut-out cocks for railway rolling stock)

JIS E4114-1989

鐵路車輛用青銅截止閥

(Bronze stop valves for railway rolling stock)

QB/T3880-1999

衛生潔具、暖氣直角式截止閥技術條件

Technical requirements for sanitariness ware and heating angle valve

QB/T3881-1999

衛生潔具、暖氣直角式截止閥型式和尺寸

Shapes and dimensions of sanitariness ware and heating angle valve

JB/T10530-2005

氧氣用截止閥


截止閥具有以下優點: 

結構簡單,制造和維修比較方便。  
工作行程小,啟閉時間短。  
密封性好,密封面間磨擦力小,壽命較長。  

截止閥的缺點如下: 
流體阻力大,開啟和關閉時所需力較大。  

不適用于帶顆粒、粘度較大、易結焦的介質。

 調節性能較差。  

截止閥的種類按閥桿螺紋的位置分有外螺紋式、內螺紋式。按介質的流向分,有直通式、直流式和角式。截止閥按密封形式分,有填料密封截止閥和波紋管密封截止閥。 

  ③閥桿。截止閥閥桿一般都做升降運動,手輪固定在閥桿的上端部,當順時針轉動手輪時閥桿帶動閥瓣向下運動關閉閥門。
  根據閥桿梯形螺紋位置的不同可分為上螺紋閥桿和下螺紋閥桿,上螺紋閥桿的梯形螺紋位于閥桿的上半部,下螺紋閥桿的梯形螺紋位于閥桿的下半部,兩者的性能比較見表2 -17。
表2 -17上螺紋閥桿與下螺紋閥桿性能比較


截止閥的安裝與維護應注意以下事項: 
手輪、手柄操作的截止閥可安裝在管道的任何位置上。  
手輪、手柄及偉動機構,不允許作起吊用。  
介質的流向應與閥體所示箭頭方向一致。與本文相關的產品有角式平衡型截止閥設計說明